The term originally applied to a small or portable book containing information useful for its owner, but the Oxford English Dictionary defines the current sense as "any book ... giving information such as facts on a particular subject, guidance in some art or occupation, instructions for operating a machine, or information for tourists.
In modern times, the concept of Vademecum classically applied to medicines and other pharma products extended to digital health products, using the term Vadimecum (with "di" instead of "de").
Handbooks may deal with any topic, and are generally compendiums of information in a particular field or about a particular technique.
They are designed to be easily consulted and provide quick answers in a certain area.
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