According to Fabricio Amorim from the Brazilian National Indigenous People Foundation (FUNAI), the region contains "the greatest concentration of isolated groups in the Amazon and the world".

for non-indigenous people to enter the territory; the area (along with its inhabitants) is observed by the government from the air with rare overland treks by FUNAI officials and local guides.

"During the time of the great rubber boom the Indians were often relentlessly hunted, either as labor material or as irreconcilable opponents of the invaders of their tribal lands.

This occurred on a large scale in the valley of the Javery, in the Acre country, and in the Itenez basin in Bolivia..."In October 2009, a plane with eleven people aboard emergency-landed in the middle of the reservation.

[10] Vale do Javari is the setting of the 2011 report The Unconquered: In Search of the Amazon's Last Uncontacted Tribes by National Geographic writer Scott Wallace.