It is situated in the Comalats range in the north of the comarca, with the Cap de Cans rising to 759 m. Vallfogona village is built on the south bank of the Corb river.

It is known for the medicinal mineral water that flows from a local spring, and for the priest and Baroque poet Francesc Vicent Garcia (1579–1623), "El Rector de Vallfogona."

The first historical reference to Vallfogona records the founding of the parish in 1123 after its reconquest from the Moors, who had called it Vall d'Alfes.

By 1150, the local lord, Gombau d'Oluja, had occupied the site of Vallfogona and had repopulated the area with Christian Catalans.

On July 10, 2010, the newly restored Romanesque sculpture of Saint Peter "dels Vigues" was unveiled; it had been pulled down from the roof of Vallfogona's parish church by anarchists during the Spanish Civil War, and broken up.

It forms part of the officially recognized Costers del Segre wine region; other crops are olives, almonds, wheat, and barley.