As of the 2020 census, its population was 2,813 (up from 2,552 at 2010[3]) and it contained 727 housing units.

[4] Van Buren Township was organized in September 1841; the last township to be formed in Daviess County, it was created in response to a petition circulated among residents of parts of Barr and Madison townships, praying to be set off as a separate township.

In the first years of settlement, present-day Van Buren Township attracted few pioneers; most individuals in the area were trappers or hunters, and permanent settlement only began in the late 1820s.

[6] According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of 30.86 square miles (79.9 km2), of which 30.22 square miles (78.3 km2) (or 97.93%) is land and 0.65 square miles (1.7 km2) (or 2.11%) is water.

[3] The township contains five cemeteries: Evans Memorial Park, Franklin, Kilgore, Liberty and Stoll.