Located in the northwestern corner of the county, it borders the following townships: The village of Kettlersville lies in central Van Buren Township and the unincorporated community of McCartyville is located in the township's south.

Statewide, other Van Buren Townships are located in Darke, Hancock, Putnam counties.

Van Buren township was organized on December 1, 1834.

[4] The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1.

There is also an elected township fiscal officer,[5] who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election.