During the next decade, as party members Donald Kalpokas and Edward Natapei served as prime ministers of Vanuatu.

However, after a controversy over the diplomatic recognition of Taiwan and China, the Vanua'aku Party reunited in December 2004 and was involved in the effort to oust Vohor.

After multiple attempts to remove Natapei, he was forced out by a vote of no confidence on 2 December 2010, replaced by opposition leader Sato Kilman.

The VP initially joined Charlot Salwai's government coalition that emerged after the election,[8] but it was replaced by the Leaders Party of Vanuatu in a cabinet reshuffle that took place in 2018.

Despite that, its new leader, Bob Loughman, was appointed prime minister,[10] a position that he kept until August 2022, when he asked the President to dissolve the Parliament to avoid a no-confidence vote.

[11] As a result of the subsequent snap election, the party retained all of its seats but ended up in opposition of the newly formed government, led by Bob Loughman's former vice PM Ishmael Kalsakau.