Principal islands include Edholma, Edlunda, Granholmen, Hästholmen, Kullö, Ramsö, Resarö, Rindö, Risholmen, Skarpö, Skogsön, Stegesund-Hästholmen, Tynningö, Vaxholmen and Vaxön.

The municipality includes five urban areas or localities as defined by Statistics Sweden.

The population in Vaxholm Municipality has the 8th highest median income per capita in Sweden.

[6] This is a demographic table based on Vaxholm Municipality's electoral districts in the 2022 Swedish general election sourced from SVT's election platform, in turn taken from SCB official statistics.

Ships transporting passengers between the islands began running on a daily basis in the 1850s.