[11] Prior to his entry into politics, he led the "Jovens Solidários" movement in the Kambukwana district of Maputo from 1990 to 2000, which provided aid to victims of the 2000 Mozambique flood.

[12] Mondlane began his career in politics with a run for mayor of Maputo in 2013 as a member of opposition party MDM, narrowly losing to FRELIMO candidate David Simango.

[21][22] After RENAMO renominated Ossufo Momade as their presidential candidate,[23][24] Mondlane later announced his intention to run as an independent in the October 2024 elections.

[1][32] After the election on 9 October 2024, initial results released by the government showed ruling party FRELIMO in the lead, though with allegations of fraud from international observers.

[36] The EU observers later said that there had been "irregularities during counting and unjustified alteration of election results at polling station and district level".

Mondlane is also publishing results from his parallel vote count which the attorney general classified as "behavior that violates ethical and electoral principles and norms.

Agualusa also called on the ruling government to hold Mondlane "accountable for those statements" and that his strong performance, even though he did not win, was “the great revolution” of the current age and as such he needs to be more responsible.

"[40] On 18 October, Elvino Dias, a lawyer working for PODEMOS and one of Mondlane's advisors, was shot dead in his car along with the party's spokesperson, Paulo Guambe, by unidentified attackers in Maputo.

Mondlane accused the security forces of responsibility, while the EU, the African Union, the United States and Portugal condemned the killings.

[37] On 21 October, police fired tear gas at Mondlane while he was giving out interviews at the site of Dias and Guambe's murders.

[38][42][43] After the elections and post-election violence began to escalate, Mondlane, who had been tear gassed by authorities while at protests on 21 October after the murders of Dias and Guambe, went into hiding.

Mozambican authorities believe he fled to South Africa, from where he has continuously live-streamed to his supporters amidst internet blackouts and restrictions on social media access in Mozambique.

"[45] During these riots, Mozambican security forces killed at least 11 protesters and used live ammunition and tear gas to clear crowds.

[46][47] On 28 October Mondlane called for the formation of a rival "Government of National Unity" consisting of all opposition parties to form a united front against FRELIMO.

[6][50] On 4 November, Mondlane mentioned on a video posted to Facebook that he had been the target of an assassination attempt while in hiding in South Africa.

[55] Human Rights Watch reported that at least 10 of the dead where children, and that the deteriorating security condition was preventing thousands of students from going to school.

[9] Security forces fired tear gas at hundreds of Mondlane supporters who gathered to welcome him near Maputo International Airport.

[60] During his arrival, Mondlane declared himself to be the president of Mozambique, starting his proclamation with: “I, Venâncio Mondlane, elected president by the Mozambican people,...”[61] Following Chapo's inauguration, Mondlane said he would suspend protests for the first 100 days of Chapo's term and was open to serving in Chapo's government on condition that he release 5,000 people detained for participating in antigovernment protests, pay financial compensation to relatives of those killed by police during the protests and provide free medical treatment for about 200 people injured by police.

[62] On January 24, Chapo would sack Bernadino Rafael, Mozambique's police chief, due to his heavy-handed approach to the protests which have lead to the deaths of over 300.

[63] Later that day Mondlane also made a statement that their fight was "far from over" and denied claims that he plans to join Chapo's government as a minister.

Ventura stated that he and Mondlane where working on creating a common platform of “combating corruption and crime, defending family and order, and addressing the collapse of justice and other institutions.”[65] However, he is not viewed as a right-wing politician by Mozambicans who instead support him for his broad pro-worker and pro-poor proposals of massive state intervention and the construction of three million homes in five years and financing businesses for youth and women.