The surface of Venus experiences average temperatures of 462 °C (864 °F), crushing 90 bar (89 atm; 1,300 psi) pressures, and corroding clouds of carbon dioxide laced with sulfuric acid.

[7][10] The possible detection of phosphine in Venus's atmosphere by ALMA in September 2020 spurred a renewed push to implement the Venera-D project.

Because of complications since the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the project has been delayed again; as of 2024, Venera-D is planned for launch no earlier than 2031 (the last easy access window in the nearest future).

Venera-D could incorporate some US components, including balloons, a subsatellite for plasma measurements, or a long-lived (90-day) surface station on the lander.

[5] It would carry instruments to acquire observations of the atmospheric structure, circulation, radiation, composition and trace gas species, along with cloud aerosols and the unknown ultraviolet absorber(s).

[5] Another proposed payload is LLISSE (Long Lived In-situ Solar System Explorer), which uses new materials and heat-resistant electronics that would enable independent operation for about 90 Earth days.

[2][15] This endurance may allow to obtain periodic measurements of weather data to update global circulation models and quantify near surface atmospheric chemistry variability.