A number of as-yet uncultivated species have been identified in association with eukaryotic hosts including extrusive explosive ectosymbionts of protists and endosymbionts of nematodes from genus Xiphinema, residing in their gametes.

[6] The Verrucomicrobiota phylum can be distinguished from neighbouring phyla within the PVC group by the presence of several conserved signature indels (CSIs).

[7] These CSIs represent unique, synapomorphic characteristics that suggest common ancestry within Verrucomicrobiota and an independent lineage amidst other bacteria.

Rubritaleaceae) Victivallaceae Oligosphaeraceae Lentisphaeraceae "Spyradenecaceae" Kiritimatiellaceae Tichowtungiaceae Pontiellaceae "Merdousiaceae" "Spyradosomataceae" Cerasicoccaceae Coraliomargaritaceae Puniceicoccaceae "Moanibacteraceae" Oceanipulchritudinaceae Opitutaceae (incl.

Rubritaleaceae) The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN)[19] and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)[20]