The genera Vespula and Dolichovespula are thought to be closely related and are considered sister groups.

Their similarities include absences of strong seta on third segment of labial palpus, smaller scutal lamella, and a characteristic twisted pedicel in embryonic nests.

The Nearctic population formerly considered as belonging to V. austriaca has been recognized as a separate species, Vespula infernalis.

These wasps have very short seasons, with flight periods from June to mid-July and August to mid-September.

[8] Vespula austriaca larvae obtain nutrients from insects and spiders brought to them by the host workers.