The road begins at Phaya Thai district in Bangkok and crosses Chatuchak, Lak Si, and Don Mueang districts before merging with Phahonyothin Road (Highway 1) at Khu Khot subdistrict, Lam Luk Ka district, Pathum Thani Province.

Vibhavadi Rangsit Road is a superhighway through Bangkok with no traffic lights.

It is named in honor of HRH Princess Vibhavadi Rangsit (1920–1977), a well-known Thai novelist who dedicated the final decade of her life to developing rural Southern Thailand, and was killed in an attack by insurgents while trying to rescue injured Border Patrol police.

Vibhavadi Rangsit Road between Din Daeng Intersection and Khlong Bang Sue forms the border between Din Daeng and Phaya Thai districts in Bangkok.

On 1 October 2024, a bus from Uthai Thani Province carrying school children for a field trip crashed and went into flames while traveling outbound on the Vibhavadi Rangsit Road in Khu Khot, Lam Luk Ka District, causing 23 deaths.