Vila Viçosa (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈvilɐ viˈsɔzɐ] ⓘ) is a town and a municipality in the District of Évora, Alentejo in Portugal.

Administratively, the municipality is divided into four civil parishes (freguesias):[3] The area of Vila Viçosa has been inhabited since Antiquity, and it was the site of a small settlement in Roman times.

In 1270, King Afonso III granted a foral (letter of feudal rights) to the incipient village of Vila Viçosa.

Jaime was a skilled military leader who later led the Portuguese to victory against a Moorish army in the Battle of Azamor, in Morocco.

Since the early 2000s,the displacement of material production outside Europe and the decreasing demand for natural stone have weakened local marble industries, starting an inexorable process of urban shrinking and depopulation.