Virgínia Sofia Guerra Quaresma OSE (28 December 1882 – 26 October 1973) was the first woman to take up professional journalism in Portugal and was one of the first women graduates from the Faculty of Arts of the University of Lisbon.

She was openly lesbian, in a time when society dictated that sexual orientation be hidden, and a feminist, who advocated for full equality between men and women.

[5] Beginning her career in feminist journals, such as O Mundo—Jornal da Mulher, she contributed articles discussing women's total equality and the pacifist movement.

[7][4] Quaresma was the principal editor of the journal Sociedade Futura (Future Society)[4] and on 18 May 1906, she reported on Sarmento da Silveira's presentation on the Feminist Problem.

[5][8] Quaresma was the editor-in-chief of the feminist journal, Alma Feminina (Feminine Soul), from the middle of 1907 to the early part of 1908[2][9] and then at the invitation of Manuel Guimarães went to work at O Século (The Century) to primarily cover political events.

In September of that year, she moved to Rio de Janeiro with her partner, Maria da Cunha, for whom she also secured employment with the newspaper, A Época, which eventually hired her.

[12] In December of that year, Quaresma began covering the femicide of Anita Levy by her husband, the well-known poet, João Barreto.

[4] Soon after returning to Lisbon, around 1922, Óscar de Carvalho Azevedo, whom she had known in Brazil, asked Quaresma to head a new organization which focused on presenting news going on in the Americas to Portuguese audiences.

[17] During World War II, she utilized her connections with the Agency to support the charitable organization Portuguese Women's Crusade with aid for disabled veterans, orphans and widows.