In early 1918 Vitkovsky joined the special Russian volunteer brigade under the command of Colonel Mikhail Drozdovsky and took part in the Iași–Don March.

In the Volunteer Army he participated in the Second Kuban Campaign and in June 1918 he commanded a battalion and then the 2nd regiment, replacing Colonel Mikhail Jebrak, who had fallen in battle.

In February 1919 Vitkovsky was appointed head of the 3rd Drozdovski Division, with which he participated in the Advance on Moscow and the retreat towards Novorossiisk.

In April 1920 he became lieutenant-general and received the Order of Saint Nicholas Thaumaturgus for his actions in the Northern Taurida Operation.

After the defeat of the White movement, he evacuated to Turkey in November 1920 with fellow general Pyotr Nikolayevich Wrangel.