Lava dome

[1] The geochemistry of lava domes can vary from basalt (e.g. Semeru, 1946) to rhyolite (e.g. Chaiten, 2010) although the majority are of intermediate composition (such as Santiaguito, dacite-andesite, present day)[2] The characteristic dome shape is attributed to high viscosity that prevents the lava from flowing very far.

[8] If part of a lava dome collapses and exposes pressurized magma, pyroclastic flows can be produced.

Characteristics of lava dome eruptions include shallow, long-period and hybrid seismicity, which is attributed to excess fluid pressures in the contributing vent chamber.

[11] Gravitational collapse of a lava dome can produce a block and ash flow.

[12] A cryptodome (from the Greek κρυπτός, kryptos, "hidden, secret") is a dome-shaped structure created by accumulation of viscous magma at a shallow depth.

[15] There is another prominent coulée flow on the flank of Llullaillaco volcano, in Argentina,[16] and other examples in the Andes.

Rhyolitic lava dome of Chaitén Volcano during its 2008–2010 eruption
One of the Inyo Craters , an example of a rhyolite dome
Nea Kameni seen from Thera , Santorini
Lava domes in the crater of Mount St. Helens
The bulging cryptodome of Mt. St. Helens on April 27, 1980
Soufrière Hills lava spine before the 1997 eruption
Lava dome growth during the 2004–2008 eruptive phase of Mount St Helens
Chao dacite coulée flow-domes (left center), northern Chile, viewed from Landsat 8