Microscopical features and DNA sequence data are of great importance for separating this taxon from related species.

The cap of Volvopluteus asiaticus is between 70 and 90 mm (2.8 and 3.5 in) in diameter, more or less ovate or conical when young, then expands to convex or flat, it can have an umbo at center in mature specimens; the surface is markedly viscid in fresh basidiocarps and rugose, with powdery, minute, whitish scales.

The gills are crowded, free from the stipe, ventricose, up to 9 mm (0.35 in) broad; white when young and turning pink with age.

The context is white on stipe and pileus, and it does not change when bruised or exposed to air, but it is dark grey-brown right under the pileipellis.

Cheilocystidia are 45–70 by 14–25 μm, mostly lageniform, a few clavate, utriform or ovate; they completely cover the gill edge.

Volvopluteus asiaticus stands apart from other species by the pleurocystidia provided with apical excrescences and the cheilocystidia that are predominantly lageniform.