Vulcan (Romanian pronunciation: [vulˈkan]; formerly Jiu-Vaidei-Vulcan; Hungarian: Vulkán, Zsilyvajdejvulkán (Zsily-Vajdej-Vulkán); German: Wolkendorf, Wulkan) is a city in Hunedoara County, Transylvania, Romania.

It is situated in a hilly area north of the Vâlcan Mountains, on the banks of the Jiul de Vest and its tributaries, the rivers Merișoara and Crevedia.

The Vulcan train station serves the CFR Line 214, a 17 km (11 mi) railway from Livezeni (in Petroșani) to Lupeni.

The coal resources of the region were discovered in 1788 while the Austrian General Landau defended Vulcan from the Ottoman Turks.

The Turks noted the large numbers of fires on the heights and thought that the Austrian army was much larger than theirs and retreated.