Towns are marked in bold and market towns in italics: Bohaté Málkovice - Bohdalice-Pavlovice - Bošovice - Brankovice - Bučovice - Chvalkovice - Dětkovice - Dobročkovice - Dražovice - Drnovice - Drysice - Habrovany - Heršpice - Hlubočany - Hodějice - Holubice - Hostěrádky-Rešov - Hoštice-Heroltice - Hrušky - Hvězdlice - Ivanovice na Hané - Ježkovice - Kobeřice u Brna - Kojátky - Komořany - Kozlany - Kožušice - Krásensko - Křenovice - Křižanovice - Křižanovice u Vyškova - Kučerov - Letonice - Lovčičky - Luleč - Lysovice - Malínky - Medlovice - Milešovice - Milonice - Moravské Málkovice - Mouřínov - Němčany - Nemochovice - Nemojany - Nemotice - Nesovice - Nevojice - Nížkovice - Nové Sady - Olšany - Orlovice - Otnice - Podbřežice - Podivice - Podomí - Prusy-Boškůvky - Pustiměř - Račice-Pístovice - Radslavice - Rašovice - Rostěnice-Zvonovice - Rousínov - Ruprechtov - Rybníček - Šaratice - Slavkov u Brna - Snovídky - Studnice - Švábenice - Topolany - Tučapy - Uhřice - Vážany nad Litavou - Vážany - Velešovice - Vyškov - Zbýšov - Zelená Hora Part of the district area belongs to Military Training Area Březina.

The district is characterized by a hilly landscape complemented by many valleys.

The territory extends into five geomorphological mesoregions: Drahany Highlands (north), Litenčice Hills (west and east), Vyškov Gate (a strip between Drahany Highlands and Litenčice Hills), Ždánice Forest (south) and Dyje–Svratka Valley (small part in the west).

The highest point of the district is the hill Horka in Military Training Area Březina with an elevation of 650 m (2,130 ft), the lowest point is the river bed of the Litava in Hostěrádky-Rešov at 192 m (630 ft).

The only notable body of water is Opatovice Reservoir with an area of 70.5 ha (174 acres).