[8] Production was further disrupted when the Russo-Ukrainian War resulted in a Ukrainian arms embargo against Russia, severing supply chains.

The munition has a laser-triggered proximity fuze and an expanding rod warhead that can destroy targets of various sizes.

[1][11][2] Vympel did not have adequate funding during the 1990s and the first part of the following decade to support further evolution of the R-77, either for the Russian Air Force or the export market.

The export RVV-AE has been sold widely, with China and India placing significant orders for the munition, as was the case for the R-73.

This is in line with the Russian practice of attacking targets by firing pairs of missiles with different homing systems.

This complicates end-game defensive actions for the target aircraft, as it needs to successfully defeat two homing systems.

The munition has a laser fuse and an expanding rod warhead that can destroy the variable sized targets.

However, due to funding shortage and eventual cancellation of the MiG 1.44, development of this model may have stopped by 1999; no information or announcement regarding the R-77M and R-77-PD has appeared since.

[1] The RVV-SD, along with the RVV-MD, seem to be part of Russia's bid for India's medium multirole combat aircraft competition.

Both designations were included by MiG on a presentation covering MiG-35 Fulcrum armament during Aero India Air Show in February.

Additional improvements include upgrades to the missile's radar seeker and boat tail rear section to reduce drag.

On October 4, 2020 footage of Su-57 fighter flying with R-77M missile was revealed in a video released by the Russian Defense Ministry commemorating the 100th anniversary of the 929th Chkalov State Flight-Test Center[17][18] For the first forty years, the aerodynamics combined vestigial cruciform wings with grid fins used as tail control surfaces (similar devices are used on the OTR-23 Oka, and USAF uses them on MOAB).

Over longer distances the missile is controlled by an inertial guidance auto pilot with occasional encoded data link updates from the launch aircraft's radar on changes in spatial position or G of the target.

[citation needed] At the beginning of February 2016, four Su-35S were deployed to Syria[20][21] as part of the Russian aerial expeditionary force to the country.