Włodzimierz Zagórski (general)

Włodzimierz Zagórski of the Clan of Ostoja[1] (January 21, 1882 – disappeared August 6, 1927) was a Polish brigadier general, military intelligence soldier of the Austro-Hungarian Army, staff officer and aviator.

In 1911, he was transferred to the (Evidenzbureau) of the Austro-Hungarian Army, where he was responsible for leading irregular warfare in the Vistula Land, aimed at destabilizing said region of the Russian Empire.

Zagórski was appointed as an official in the Second Branch of the General Staff in Vienna, where he commanded the so-called Hauptkundschaftstellen in Kraków, Przemyśl, and Lwów.

Piłsudski would gather and transfer intelligence over to Zagórski in exchange for Austrian funds which helped establish and expand Polish paramilitary capabilities in the Vistula Land - one such example being the Riflemen's Association.

The Oath Crisis took place during this time period, where Zagórski pledged his allegiance to the Central Powers, in contrast to the vast majority of his soldiers who did not.

When none of the prisoners complied with Zagórski's demand to pledge allegiance to the Central Powers, he ordered the soldiers to march shoe-less to an internment camp in Szczypiorno.

[2] As a result, Zagórski denounced several Polish Legion officers at the internment camp who entered undercover as regular soldiers with the aim of dividing the sentences among the imprisoned.

[3] After the successful break-through of the II Brigade at the Battle of Rarańcza, Zagórski was removed from the Polish Legions for plotting against the Austrian Army.

[5] From April 1921 to March 1923, Zagórski was enlisted in the reserves, and spent most of his time working for Francopol - a company which purchased and imported French-made aeroplanes for the Polish Army.

From January 1926, Zagórski came under attack from Piłsudskiites in the government and military – including generals Daniel Konarzewski and Lucjan Żeligowski, for having mismanaged the formation of the Polish air force through the participation of corrupt elements.

Loyal to the Witos Government, General Tadeusz Jordan-Rozwadowski ordered Zagórski on May 12 to take command of the Warsaw Air Group from Ludomił Rayski and to initiate bombing of pro-Piłsudski forces.

Marian Zdziechowski, a prominent Piłsudskiite and professor at the Wilno University, publicly criticized the government's acceptance of lengthening the imprisonment period of the five prisoners.

Zdziechowski's criticism had greatly influenced other Poles, and even members of Piłsudski's own circle, which in turn forced the government to release the prisoners due to public pressure.

Media at the time speculated that the former intelligence officer disappeared fearing another trial regarding the Francopol Affair; some historians allege that Zagórski was murdered on the orders of Józef Piłsudski, yet there is no evidence to support such a thesis.

To date, the whereabouts and fate of General Zagórski are unknown and the sole charges that were brought up against him after his disappearance were for desertion from the Polish Army.

Zagórski as Chief of Staff with his officers, 1914
Zagorski in the Polish Legion, by Wincenty Wodzinowski
A wanted poster issued after Zagórski's disappearance. He was accused of desertion from the Polish Army.