The main genre of music is bluegrass, but a wide variety of other acoustic styles are represented.

The first official "Walnut Valley Festival" was held in September 1972 and was organized by a trio of founders--Stuart Mossman, Joe Muret, & Bob Redford.

The list of entertainers who have appeared on WVF stages includes Jimmy Driftwood, Doc Watson, Merle Watson, Lester Flatt, Mark O'Connor, Alison Krauss, Byron Berline, Dan Crary, Norman Blake, John Hartford, Tom Chapin, Merle Travis, Mike Cross, New Grass Revival, Hot Rize, Nickel Creek, Dixie Chicks, Tony Rice, Red Clay Ramblers, Gamble Rogers, Bryan Bowers, John McCutcheon, Tom Paxton, The Steel Wheels, The Wilders, Billy Strings.

There are typically 11,000-15,000 people in attendance,[5] and campers include visitors from many different states and countries.

[6] Attendees often bring musical instruments, and the event is known for the many and varied campground jam sessions throughout the festival.