Wauchula has been called the "cucumber capital of the world", although citrus has become a more important agricultural crop over the past few decades.

It is home to the downtown's Wauchula Historic District and Albert Carlton Estate.

According to the United States Census Bureau, Wauchula has an area of 3.3 square miles (8.6 km2), all land.

Hurricane Charley hit Wauchula at c. 5:30 on Friday, August 13, 2004, causing more than $750 million in damage.

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 4,900 people, 1,630 households, and 1,072 families residing in the city.

[11] As of the 2010 United States census, there were 5,001 people, 1,574 households, and 1,035 families residing in the city.

Center for Great Apes is a permanent sanctuary for rescued orangutans and chimpanzees.