The earliest known settler on the site of present-day Martinsville in North Tonawanda was George N. Burger, who came in 1809, built a log tavern on the river, and remained a resident until about 1825.

William Vandervoorte settled here in 1825, occupying a log house which tradition says was the only one then in existence.

Later he purchased 1,000 acres (4.0 km2) of land of the Holland Company and sold to Prussian immigrants the largest part of their possessions on Tonawanda Creek and its vicinity.

The soil of the town, clay loam, is very good for wheat crops in particular, and leads to the origin of the name Wheatfield.

Vacation cottages, beaches, an amusement park, and nightclubs were all constructed along the river.

10% of all aircraft production by the United States was produced in Western New York and by Bell in particular.

With the closure of the facility in 1990, the vast plant was repurposed as a mixed-business complex, including a branch of the Lockheed Martin company.

During the postwar period, other industries and businesses were established in the town, including those serving the tourist trade such as motels and restaurants.

The largest included Carborundum, Demler Cider Mill, Sawyer Creek Hotel, Loblaws grocery stores, assorted businesses and light manufacturing industries along Liberty Drive, and Thiele's dairy and bakery (defunct as of 1989), and plant nursery/agricultural supply company, which still exists to this day.

Growth and prosperity in the town continued, as families migrated from nearby communities creating new neighborhoods.

During this period, Summit Park Mall was built, opening in 1972 to serve the people of Wheatfield and nearby communities.

[citation needed] The largest spurt of growth in the town began in the 1980s and still continues today with many new housing developments emerging and new industrial and business parks being built.

The Town of Wheatfield has a Constable Department whose members are sworn Peace Officers under Article 2.10 of the New York State Criminal Procedure Law.