White-throated toucan

See text The white-throated toucan (Ramphastos tucanus) is a near-passerine bird in the family Ramphastidae found in South America throughout the Amazon Basin including the adjacent Tocantins and Araguaia River drainage.

The white-throated toucan was formally described by the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus in 1758 in the tenth edition of his Systema Naturae.

The type locality was restricted to Suriname by the American ornithologists Ludlow Griscom and James Greenway in 1937.

[6] Three subspecies are recognized by the International Ornithological Committee (IOC), the South American Classification Committee of the American Ornithological Society, and the Clements taxonomy:[7][8][9] BirdLife International's Handbook of the Birds of the World (HBW) treats the red-billed toucan as a species R. tucanus and the other two taxa as subspecies of "Cuvier's toucan" R.

The rest of the bill is mainly black in R. t. cuvieri and mainly reddish-brown in R. t. tucanus, with intergrades showing a mixed coloration.

Small flocks or more commonly pairs of birds move through the forest with a heavy, rather weak, undulating flight, rarely flying more than 100 m (330 ft) at a time.

Both sexes incubate the eggs for at 14–15 days, and the toucan chicks remain in the nest after hatching.

They are blind and naked at birth, with short bills, and have specialised pads on their heels to protect them from the rough floor of the nest.

However, "The primary threat to this species is accelerating deforestation in the Amazon basin" and "is also suffering from hunting pressure and from trapping for the pet trade".

A recording of Red-Billed toucan at aviary.
At first this may resemble a Cuvier's toucan, R. t. cuvieri , but a closer look reveals a brownish patch on the upper part of the mandible, identifying it as a tucanus - cuvieri intergrade.
Red-billed toucan
Ramphastos t. tucanus
Red-billed toucan in captivity