[1][2] The "White Huns", or Hephthalites, were reported by Byzantine, Indian, Chinese, Arab-Persian, Armenian, and other written sources.
Despite the abundance of information, a number of questions on the history of the states they formed are considered by scientists from different and often opposite points of view.
Well-informed authors of Chinese chronicles call the regions of East Turkestan (Turfan) the homeland of the Hephthalites.
[3] Latin and Syrian sources called the Chionites, Kidarites (Kushans), and Hephthalites as White Huns.
[4] The Hephthalite tribes are noted in Central Asia, mainly in the Trans-Caspian and in the upper reaches of the Amu Darya, by Arab and Persian-speaking authors under the name Haital (Tabari, Masudi, Ferdowsi, etc.)
The Syrian writer Isaac of Antioch, writing about 400 AD, mentioned that the qudishaye[clarification needed] is near Nusaybin.