White Swan (prison)

Federal Governmental Institution — penal colony № 2 with special conditions of economic activity of the main directorate of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia in Perm Krai, popularly known as White Swan (Russian: Белый лебедь, Belyy Lebed), is a prison in Solikamsk, Perm Krai, Russia.

White Swan was founded in 1938 as a penal colony by the Soviet Union to hold political prisoners, particularly priests, but was eventually used for common criminals as well.

The Soviet authorities began to staff White Swan with some of the highest quality correctional officers in the country to control the Thieves in Law, in order to be able to withstand the bribes and intimidation.

[3] In 1996, the death penalty in Russia entered a moratorium as a requirement for joining the Council of Europe, and a new criminal code introduced life sentences.

In 1999, White Swan was re-purposed to house serious criminals serving life sentences and, unlike previous detainees, were not expected to ever leave the facility.