The adjacent boroughs are (clockwise, starting in the north) Naurod, Auringen, Medenbach, Igstadt, Bierstadt, and Heßloch.

Frankish graves in the area of present-day Bierhausweg indicate that a settlement existed in Kloppenheim as early as the 6th and 7th centuries.

Kloppenheim is first mentioned by name in a deed of gift in 927 AD during the reign of Saxon King Henry I.

In a further certificate, Count Drutwin bequeaths six marks to the Bleidenstadt monastery in "Clopheim" and a forest with adjacent fields.

The religious life of Kloppenheim was long closely associated with the monastery in Bleidenstadt (now Taunusstein), founded by Charlemagne.