William James Henderson (December 4, 1855 – June 5, 1937) was an American musical critic and scholar.
He wrote perceptive press reviews of the performances of the Metropolitan Opera's star singers which remain valuable for today's scholars.
He was also elected a member of the National Institute of Arts and Letters in 1914.
Three days after the death of his longtime friend and fellow newspaper music critic, Richard Aldrich, he committed suicide with a .38-calibre revolver in his West-Side Manhattan hotel room.
His New York Times obituary called him "for fifty years one of America's best known music critics.