The area that is now Windham County became of interest to the English around 1635, but went unsettled for over fifty years due to its lack of access to the shore.

In 1684, 1200 acres of land was sold to Jonathan Curtis, Thomas Dudley and Samuel Mason, among others, by the Nipmunks.

In 1785, the town of Union (incorporated in 1734) was transferred to the newly formed Tolland County.

Connecticut's historical counties continue to exist in name only, and are no longer considered for statistical purposes.

All former functions of the county sheriff's office are now carried out by the state marshals service.

The primary law enforcement agency most Windham County towns is the Connecticut State Police, primarily Troop D based in Danielson which serves Brooklyn, Canterbury, Chaplin, Eastford, Hampton, Killingly, Pomfret, Putnam (outside the SSD), Scotland, Sterling, Thompson, Woodstock and I-395 between exit 28 and the MA border.

Only three municipalities in the county (the town of Plainfield, the Willimantic Special Services District, and the Putnam Special Services District), have their own local police departments that serve as the primary law enforcement in those areas.

10a-142) which serves as the primary law enforcement agency for the university campus even though they are located within the Willimantic Special Services District.

The Windham County Sheriff's Department was disbanded in 2000 and their former duties are now carried out by the Connecticut State Marshals Service.

Most towns in the county have local Constables that carry out some municipal legal and security functions.

As of the 2010 United States census, there were 118,428 people, 44,810 households, and 30,343 families residing in the county.

[14] In terms of ancestry, 18.8% were Irish, 13.5% were English, 11.7% were French Canadian, 11.5% were Italian, 10.2% were German, 9.3% were Polish, and 2.9% were American.

Secondary: Elementary: There is also Woodstock Academy, a privately endowed publicly funded high school.