He was count of Isenburg-Birstein from 1596 to 1633, after violently seizing power from Henry of Isenburg-Rönneburg.

Wolfgang was the son of Philipp II, Count of Isenburg-Büdingen und Birstein (1526-1596) and his wife, Countess Irmengard of Solms-Braunfels (1536-1577).

He married four times and had several children, who inherited his land after his death.

[1] First, he was married on 26 September 1585 with Countess Anna of Gleichen-Rhemda (1565–1598) who bore him the following children: Secondly, he married on 16 Aprile 1603 with Countess Elisabeth of Nassau-Dillenburg (1564–1611) a daughter of Johann VI, Count of Nassau-Dillenburg and widow of Philip IV, Count of Nassau-Weilburg but the marriage was childless.

Thirdly, he married on 19 Aprile 1616 with Countess Juliane of Sayn-Wittgenstein (1583–1627) a daughter of Louis I, Count of Sayn-Wittgenstein (1532–1605) from his second marriage with Countess Elisabeth of Solms-Laubach (1549-1599) who bore him one son: On 24 Jun 1628 he married for a fourth time, this time morganatically to Sabine von Saalfeld (d. 1635).