[6] Bordin[7] conceptualized the working alliance as consisting of three parts: tasks, goals and bond.
The bond forms from trust and confidence that the tasks will bring the client closer to their goals.
Research on the working alliance suggests that it is a strong predictor of psychotherapy or counseling client outcome.
[10] In the Humanistic approach, Carl Rogers identified a number of necessary and sufficient conditions that are required for therapeutic change to take place.
This would be a counter-transference, in that the therapist is responding to the client with thoughts and feelings attached to a person in a past relationship.