In Andorra, Iran, and Vatican City (Holy See), a clergy member also acts as the head of state.
The list includes the names of recently elected or appointed heads of state and government who will take office on an appointed date, as presidents-elect and prime ministers–designate, and those leading a government-in-exile if internationally recognised.
This alternative government controls part of its territory and is recognised as legitimate by at least one UN member state.
These alternative governments control part of their territory, but are not recognized as legitimate by any UN member states.
These alternative governments do not control their territory but are recognized as legitimate by at least one UN member state.