It consists of five faculties: Medicine, Dentistry, Pharmacy, Public Health and Postgraduate Education.

Altogether, 891 academic professors and teachers work at the Medical University and about 3,500 students study there.

There is a wide exchange of students and teaching staff within the framework of the Socrates and Erasmus programmes of the European Union, especially with France, Germany, Italy, Sweden, Spain, the Netherlands and England.

Many famous doctors lived and worked in Wrocław such as Alois Alzheimer - neurologist and psychiatrist, who presented his findings regarding degeneration of the brain cortex (Alzheimer's disease), Robert Koch - creator of modern bacteriology (Nobel Prize in 1905), Paul Ehrlich - pioneer of present chemotherapy (Nobel Prize in 1908).

Historically, the city's strategic location between branches of the slow running Oder River, which forms many islands in the area, was utilised in the Middle Ages when Wrocław was turned into a fortress.

A great number of prominent scientists have conducted research at the Faculty of Medicine, including Professors Ludwik Hirszfeld, Zygmunt Albert, Edward Szczeklik, Witold Orłowski, Stefan Ślopek and Hugon and Zofia Kowarzyk.