It is a constitutional office, established under the Constitution of Wyoming and the secretary of state accedes to the governorship in case of a vacancy.

[1] The secretary of state is the keeper of the Great Seal of Wyoming and the state's official record-keeper.

Karen Wheeler served as acting secretary of state following the vacancy of Ed Murray,[2] until the appointment of Edward Buchanan in March, 2018, who himself resigned September 17, 2022.

The secretary of state's office is divided into five divisions:[3] Amos W. Barber became the first Wyoming secretary of state on November 8, 1890.

Prior officeholders were known as Wyoming secretaries of the territory.