Kageyama made her acting debut in the series Re:Mind (2017), and her first film appearance was in Kaguya-sama Final: Love Is War (2021).

[4] Within the group, Kageyama was noted for her abilities in both academics and sports, which are often shown in her television appearances, in addition to her singing skills.

[9] Real Sound praised her "impactful" performance as the hidden mastermind, her insane nature "flickering" as she calmly explains her plan during the reveal.

Kageyama had her first voice acting role as Ayame Ebina in the animated adaptation of the football manga Farewell, My Dear Cramer (2021) on Tokyo MX, and also served as the production's "support manager".

[29][30] She made her first feature film appearance in Kaguya-sama Final: Love Is War, co-starring Kanna Hashimoto and released on August 20.

[15] Real Sound positively commented on her "funny expressions" and that her intelligent image matched that of her character, Miko Iino.

Kageyama and fellow Hinatazaka46 members Mei Higashimura and Konoka Matsuda were appointed support ambassadors for DAZN's AFC Asian Cup Qualifications "Road to Qatar" campaign, which ran from August 2021 to March 2022.

[16][37] In May 2022, Kageyama became a co-host for the pre-2022 FIFA World Cup talk show FIFA World Cup 64, co-produced by TV Asahi and Abema,[38][39][40] and went on to serve as co-host for several live match broadcasts of the event[41][42] where she was noted for her game analysis and multiple accurate predictions, which earned her the moniker "Goddess of Victory".

[48] As a philomath, she revealed in 2022 that she had obtained qualifications in several fields, including world heritage [ja], news and current affairs, real estate, pharmaceuticals, dental assistant, and psychological counselor.

On February 17, 2023, Kageyama announced that she was planning to leave Hinatazaka46 after promotions for the group's ninth single have concluded, due to a persistent hearing disorder.

[58] In October, she announced her affiliation with the talent agency Production Ogi and launched her official website, Kagesapo no Oseki (かげさぽのお席, lit.

[61] From May to June 2024, she portrayed female lead Lana in the first ever stage adaptation of the 1978 animated series Future Boy Conan, held at the Tokyo Metropolitan Theatre.