Yūpa

The topmost section is missing; texts describe a "wheel-like headpiece made of perishable material", representing the sun, but the appearance of that is rather unclear from the Gupta period coins that are the best other visual evidence.

On the reverse, the queen is holding a chowrie for the fanning of the horse and a needle-like pointed instrument, with legend "One powerful enough to perform the Ashvamedha sacrifice".

[7][8] The oldest known Sanskrit inscriptions in the Nusantara are those on seven stone pillars, or Yūpa ("sacrificial posts"), found in the eastern part of Borneo, in the historical area of Kutai, East Kalimantan province.

[10] In addition to Mulavarman, the reigning king, the inscriptions mention the names of his father Aswawarman and his grandfather Kudungga (the founder of the Kutai Martadipura Kingdom).

srimad-viraja-kirtteh rajnah sri-mulavarmmanah punyam srnvantu vipramukhyah ye canye sadhavah purusah bahudana-jivadanam sakalpavrksam sabhumidanan ca tesam punyagananam yupo 'yan stahapito vipraih Muarakaman III[12]

Muarakaman III This monument was written for (commemorating) two (cases) that have been donated by King Mulavarman, namely a mountain of oil (thick), with lamps and flower panicles.

Muarakaman IV The Mulavarman, the noble and eminent king, has given alms of 20,000 cows to the brahmins who is like fire, (located) in the holy land (named) Waprakeswara.