[4] In September 2024, it was confirmed that Nuguse signed with Michael Johnson's Grand Slam Track league for the 2025 season, competing in the short distance 800 m / 1500 m category.

Nuguse showed little interest in sports during his earlier years of high school and instead preferred to dedicate himself to his studies, science workshops, and bowling.

teacher Mick Motley, who was so impressed by Nuguse's running time in the one mile that he referred him to the school's track coach, Tim Holman.

Nuguse covered 200 m segment from 1400 to 1600 m in a very fast 25.94 to beat a quality field and set the second-fastest North American mile ever, indoors or outdoors.

[21][22][23] On May 28, Nuguse finished second in the 1500 m at the Rabat Diamond League in a new personal best of 3:33.02, narrowly losing to reigning Olympic champion, Jakob Ingebrigtsen.

[27] On September 16, at the 2023 Prefontaine Classic/Diamond League final, Nuguse broke the American mile record in a time of 3:43.97 in his second-place finish to Jakob Ingebrigtsen.

[30] On January 26, at Boston University's John Thomas Terrier Classic, Nuguse ran a personal best time of 13:02.09 in the men's 5000m Scarlet Heat, hitting the Olympic entry standard of 13:05.00.

[31] He came in third place, behind fellow OAC athlete George Mills (12:58.68) and Under Armour Dark Sky Distance's Edwin Kurgat (12:57.52).

[34] On March 2, at the 2024 World Athletics Indoor Championships in Glasgow, Scotland, Nuguse came in second place to Josh Kerr in the men's 3000m final, in a time of 7:43.59.

Winning in a time of 3:51.06, Nuguse broke the 50 year old Penn Relays mile record of Tony Waldrop, who ran 3:53.2 in 1974.

[36] In late May, Nuguse came third in the historic 2024 Bowerman Mile at the Prefontaine Classic, in a season's best time of 3:46.22, behind Jakob Ingebrigtsen (3:45.60) and Josh Kerr (3:45.34).

[39] Prior to this race, Nuguse had not lost to an American in a 1500m or mile final for nearly two years, since the 2022 US Championships, where he placed eleventh as a collegian.

[43] With Nuguse's bronze and Hocker's gold, the 2024 1500-meter final was the first time in 112 years that the United States won two medals in the event in the same Olympics.

Eight years prior, at the 2016 Rio 1500-meter final, Matthew Centrowitz ended a 108-year gold medal "Olympic drought" in the event for the United States.

[45] On September 1, Nuguse competed in the New Balance KO Meile in Düsseldorf, finishing in a time of 3:51.9 behind Elliot Giles' new road mile world record of 3:51.3.

This improved on the previous world record of Yomif Kejelcha, who ran 3:47.01 in 2019, making Nuguse the first to break 3:47 in the indoor mile distance.