Yuri Arnold

Yuri Karlovich Arnold, also Jury, Georgy, Yourij, and Arnol't, Arnol'd (Russian: Юрий (Георгий) Карлович Арнольд; November 13, 1811 – July 20, 1898), was a Russian composer, musicologist, music critic, choral conductor, theorist and music educator.

There is some speculation that he was employed by the tsarist police and that some of the writings attributed to him were actually written by Peshenin, who was paid to keep it a secret.

[1] He studied political economy at the German University in Dorpat, Estonia, and served in the army from 1831–38 during the Polish campaign.

After this, he decided to focus on a career in music and went to study harmony with Johann Leopold Fuchs and counterpoint with Joseph Hunke.

[2] Yuri Karlovich Arnold wrote several sacred choral works,[1] more than 50 romances, besides many operettas.