Zénobe Théophile Gramme (French pronunciation: [zenɔb teɔfil ɡʁam]; 4 April 1826 – 20 January 1901) was a Belgian electrical engineer.

After moving to Paris he took a job as a model maker at a company that manufactured electrical equipment and there became interested in technology.

[2] Having built an improved dynamo, Gramme, in association with Hippolyte Fontaine, opened a factory to develop the device.

Before Gramme's inventions, electric motors attained only low power and were mainly used as toys or laboratory curiosities.

In the town where his second wife grew up and that Gramme visited every year for a few months, he donated the construction of an avenue to cool the underground water pipe built in 1898.