Following consecutive second places in the men's elite race at the UCI Cyclo-cross World Championships in 2008 and 2009,[4] Štybar won the 2010 edition on home soil in Tábor.

He was in contention for the victory as he was part of the leading trio with Sep Vanmarcke and Fabian Cancellara when he hit a spectator, causing him to slow down to clip in his pedals.

[5][18] Later that month, Štybar won stage 7 of the Vuelta a España beating world champion Philippe Gilbert in a sprint finish in Mairena del Aljarafe.

[28] His first victory upon his return was Binche–Chimay–Binche, where he attacked inside of 2 kilometres (1.2 miles) to go on a small cobbled climb after being led out by his teammate Niki Terpstra at the foot of the rise.

[30] Having finished seventh at Omloop Het Nieuwsblad,[31] Štybar then won Strade Bianche on his first appearance at the race the following weekend; having been a part of a larger group of leading favourites, Štybar formed part of a trio that battled it out for victory in Siena along with Alejandro Valverde and Greg Van Avermaet, ultimately pulling clear of his rivals as they headed towards the Piazza del Campo.

[32][33] Following his Strade Bianche victory, Štybar finished second in E3 Harelbeke, having unsuccessfully tried to chase down a solo move by Geraint Thomas.

[34] At the Tour of Flanders, his false set of front teeth he broke in 2014 rattled loose as he was riding a cobbled climb and he had to take them off.

[35] Štybar was named in the start list for the Tour de France,[36] spending a portion of the race inside the top ten places overall.

He met success on Stage 6, where he powered away on a short but steep incline situated a few hundred metres before the finish line in Le Havre.

[55] Štybar's first start of the 2019 season came at the Volta ao Algarve, where he won the final stage of the race atop the Alto do Malhão,[56] avenging his near miss from the previous year – when he was caught with 1.5 kilometres (0.93 miles) remaining.

[63] Štybar's best results of the 2021 season came on Belgian soil; in March, he finished in fifth place at the E3 Saxo Bank Classic, spending the final portion of the race attempting to stymie any attacks from a small group of riders, behind his teammate Kasper Asgreen, who ultimately soloed to victory.

[68] Primarily working as a road captain,[68] Štybar recorded his best result in, what would turn out to be, his final start with the team – a podium finish (third place) at the Hong Kong Cyclothon,[5] won by teammate Lukas Pöstlberger.