In 2005, Zhou Yuchen joined Chinese Super League side Shandong Luneng Taishan's football school, where he was converted from a defender into a goalkeeper.

Zhou was loaned to Super League newcomer Hebei China Fortune for one season in February 2016.

In July 2017, Zhou was loaned to Hong Kong Premier League side R&F.

He would be used as a reserve choice goalkeeper throughout the whole of the 2021 Chinese Super League season and did not make any appearances for them.

The following season he would go on to make his debut in a Chinese FA Cup game on 16 November 2022 against Xi'an Ronghai in a 1-0 victory.