Originally dedicated to the martyrs Sergius and Bacchus, it was founded in the 6th century on rue Saint-Jacques[1][2] in what is now the 5th arrondissement of Paris.
According to Raoul of Presles the church was founded by Denis of Paris, who carried his head to its site after his execution, blessing the location, preaching a sermon on the Holy Trinity and dedicating it to "Benoît Sire Dieu" ("Blessed be the Lord our God").
Its spelling changed over the centuries and so the church's dedication seems to have shifted to Benedict (in French "Benoît") of Nursia.
In the Middle Ages the church housed an altar of Maturinus, patron of the mad and possessed, around which a devotion to him sprang up and to which many ill people were brought in hope of a cure.
He also granted the canons of Notre Dame de Paris a right to sell bread and wine in that market.