Études des mouvements à Paris is a 1927 city symphony film directed, shot, and edited by Dutch filmmaker Joris Ivens.
The film depicts the city of Paris during the summertime, with an emphasis on its traffic, intersections, and street life.
[1] Notably using a variety of camera angles, Ivens attempts to capture the movement of street life in Paris.
Many similarities can be seen between Études des mouvements and Krull's photography, most notably the high-angle shots of busy intersections and tram tracks.
[3] As opposed to Ivens' later work within the city symphony genre (such as Rain and The Bridge) Études des mouvements is less observational and demonstrates qualities of cinéma pur, a term created by French actor, screenwriter, and director Henri Chomette.