[8] Volkert Haas notes that these birds were commonly portrayed as servants of the gods across Anatolia and northern Syria, as already implied by texts from Ebla predating the Hittite sources.
[11] According to Piotr Taracha [de], Ḫalmašuit might have originally been regarded as a royal deity of Zalpa, and later spread to other areas after their rulers adopted the traditions of this city.
[12] She was the tutelary goddess of the dynasty of Kuššar, whose best known members Pitḫana and Anitta seized power in Kanesh in the Old Assyrian period.
[12] A ritual preceding the construction of a new royal palace involved the Hittite king making a pact of friendship with Ḫalmašuit.
[16] It relays that she was regarded a source of royal authority and protector of kings who brought them power from the sea and provided them with a ceremonial carriage (GIŠḫuluganni).