Frenchman Louis-Nicolas Flobert invented the first rimfire metallic cartridge in 1845.
His cartridge consisted of a percussion cap with a bullet attached to the top.
[4][5] Usually derived in the 6 mm and 9 mm calibres, it is since then called the Flobert cartridge, but it does not contain any powder; the only propellant substance contained in the cartridge is within the percussion cap.
It has no separate propellant charge, relying on the impulse created by the primer alone to fire a round lead ball.
More common is the .22 CB Cap, which fires a slightly heavier conical bullet and is available in a variety of cartridge lengths.