Introduced in 1999, it is based on the 9.3×64mm Brenneke case, necked up to accept a 0.375-inch (9.5 mm) diameter bullet.
The case is also shortened by about 4 mm (0.16 in) to fit a standard length rifle action.
An additional motivation for development of the new cartridge was that authorities in certain areas of the world dictate a minimum rifle caliber, which may be used for hunting dangerous game, such as cape buffalo and lion.
With a higher felt recoil, the .376 Steyr is the largest practical cartridge for use in such a short, lightweight weapon as the Scout.
Steyr Mannlicher has also produced a conventional-style rifle to use this cartridge, dubbed the "Pro Hunter."