The 106th United States Colored Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment of the United States Colored Troops, formed during the American Civil War.

The regiment spent its service on garrison duty at Pulaski, Tennessee, guarding railroads.

It was consolidated into the 40th United States Colored Infantry Regiment in November 1865.

For this period the regiment continued garrisoning Pulaski and guarding railroads.

Between September 23 and 24, 1864, it fought against Nathan Bedford Forrest's attack on Athens, Alabama, which became known as the Battle of Sulphur Creek Trestle.