[2][3] The house was the residence of India's second prime minister, Lal Bahadur Shastri (1964–1966) who succeeded Jawaharlal Nehru in the 1960s and where his body lay in state on 11 January 1966.

[4] Presently, a biographical museum, Lal Bahadur Shastri Memorial is situated at 1, Motilal Nehru Place, adjacent to the complex.

[5][6] Third prime minister Indira Gandhi lived at 1, Safdarjung Road and 12, Willingdon Crescent when she was out of power.

After his assassination in 1991, his widow Sonia Gandhi occupied 10, Janpath who later served as the president of Indian National Congress and the Leader of the Opposition in Lok Sabha.

Since April 2023, it also remains the residence of his son Rahul Gandhi, who is the current Leader of the Opposition in Lok Sabha and former President of Indian National Congress.