The unit was originally formed on Sakhalin Island on August 15, 1942, on the basis of the Air Force of the 25th Army of the Far Eastern Front of the USSR Armed Forces.

In August-early September 1945, the 10th Air Army as part of the 2nd Far Eastern Front, participated in the Sungari Offensive Operation, during which it covered the units of the 15th Army, supported the landing of the Amur Flotilla in the city of Fuyuan, then the offensive towards Qiqihar.

During the period of hostilities, the 10th Air Army carried out about 3297 sorties.

On 3 September 1945 it included:[1] In July 1948 it was transferred to Vozzhayevka airfield west of Khabarovsk.

As of 1950, the army operated airfields at Vozzhayevka, Pozdeyevka (Pozdeevka), Zavitinsk (Zavitaya), and Kuibyshevka.